[LUNA] Partition question
Bob Nance
bob.nance at novationsys.com
Sat Jun 22 17:01:36 CDT 2019
Assuming the arguments are similar to other Eunices, stop the boot process and edit the boot argument to include “s” on the line that mentions the most arguments :)
Here is an article about it. It looks like Ubuntu has a rescue mode that is single user.
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.linuxtechi.com/boot-ubuntu-18-04-debian-9-rescue-emergency-mode/amp/
Be aware that some Linux/Unix bring up the root drive in read-only mode when booting into single-user mode. You may have to remount the drive in “read-write” mode to make the changes you need
# mount -o remount,rw. /
Should work.
———————
Bob Nance
Novation Systems
https://www.novationsys.com
+1 256-534-4620
A good review is the best form of flattery! Please take a moment to give us five stars on Google https://goo.gl/NGKxW9
________________________________
From: LUNA <luna-bounces_bob.nance=novationsys.com at lunagroup.us> on behalf of Michael Hall <hallmw at att.net>
Sent: Saturday, June 22, 2019 4:52:20 PM
To: Linux Users of North Alabama Mailing List
Subject: Re: [LUNA] Partition question
Well I have not done this much on my system as I have always set it up like I want it. I will have to find out how to know if I am in single user on this machine. I have nothing in the current home that I need so not a problem if I cannot access it. I will probably have more questions. Here is the result of the ls -al /dev/disk/by-uuid
michael at michael-Alienware-15-R3:~$ sudo ls -al /dev/disk/by-uuid
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jun 22 11:57 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 120 Jun 22 11:57 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 22 11:57 215b343b-67bd-4ba3-bb71-3b265d066630 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jun 22 11:57 71b2e519-0392-4af3-a567-35f24d408701 -> ../../nvme0n1p1
I think I just need to get to single user mode, not sure if I remember. When I login with the account that gigaparts created, I see an icon on my desktop for the drive. If I bring up the file viewer I see under devices the 1TB drive with the icon to eject it. I am just mulling things over in my mind.
On Saturday, June 22, 2019, 2:47:49 PM CDT, Bob Nance <bob.nance at novationsys.com> wrote:
Yes. If it shows at the top level of the mount point, you can just simply change the mount point and everything should show up.
Two things: 1) whatever is already at /home will be inaccessible. If you’ve been using it with your latest account, make sure you save everything to the drive you’re mounting before you change the mount point. 2) do this all in single user mode to make sure you don’t break any running processes that expect $HOME to have files and folders available to them while running.
One more, if your UID number does not match you old number, make sure you perform the chown command I mentioned. But I put chmod instead of chown, sorry; you do the s// in my answer ;)
Last thing, to be absolutely sure that no process is holding onto a non-existent file, inode, pipe, or anything else on the old /home, reboot. Easier to do on a single user system than re-unit any processes. Besides, then you have your test for the mount.
———————
Bob Nance
Novation Systems
https://www.novationsys.com
+1 256-534-4620
A good review is the best form of flattery! Please take a moment to give us five stars on Google https://goo.gl/NGKxW9
________________________________
From: LUNA <luna-bounces_bob.nance=novationsys.com at lunagroup.us> on behalf of Michael Hall <hallmw at att.net>
Sent: Saturday, June 22, 2019 2:39:21 PM
To: Linux Users of North Alabama Mailing List
Subject: Re: [LUNA] Partition question
Bob, Thanks for the reply. My old $HOME is showing up as /media/michael/UUID/hallmw when I click the HD. All my old data seems to be there. I thought that it was getting mounted as a removable drive. Just want to make sure I do this right and not screw this up since I just got it back. So does that mean I am good? I since it is showing up at that I should not have /home/home..... when I follow the steps?
On Saturday, June 22, 2019, 1:07:21 PM CDT, Bob Nance <bob.nance at novationsys.com> wrote:
I think that the "/media" implies that the OS thinks it's a removable drive. It is also mounting it in your user context and not under the system's auspices. Is your old $HOME showing up under /media/Michael/[UUID]/home/mwhall and reflecting what you think is the correct data? If that's the case, you're good. All your data is still available.
Beware that I have really dug deep into the weeds in my answer. Please forgive an old man's ramblings.
The first thing you need to do is determine the actual hardware device that the media manager is finding. You can pore through the kernel log, dmesg or the like. It may even be in the syslog. Since it's not mounting it until you login (I am 99% sure), it should be pretty easy to find; just look for the login messages and you should see events posted by "udisk" or some version of that name.
If you want to discover which device is actually being mounted, you can, again, look at the disk messages in the kernel log, dmesg, or other logs. Another way is to stuff that UUID into your brain and then type:
ls -al /dev/disk/by-uuid/
And look for that UUID. The UUID will actually be a link to the relative hardware device. The name should look something like ../../sdc2. That last part is your actual relative hardware device name. (by the way, under the abstraction layer that the disk driver produces, you can actually trust the UUID information, since it is written in the volume label, it won't change and is unique, so you don't need to find the /dev/sdXn designator, if you don't want to).
Now that you have that, you can tell the OS that you want to mount that drive onto the system at a specific location. The system mounts occur before you login, so "udisk" will not find an unmounted disk, so you don't have to worry about it mounting it before your file system initialization.
The system stores the mounted drive information in the file /etc/fstab. Simply add the drive information into that file to force the system initialization to mount the volume before udisk can find it. Look at "man 5 fstab" or just read the file to see what goes into it.
There are two ways to enter the information into the fstab file.
Use the hardware device name (white space can be spaces or tabs).
/dev/sdc3 /home ext4 rw 0 0
OR use the volume label to designate the disk volume
LABEL=[UUID] /home ext4 defaults 0 0
The first field is either the label or the device.
The second field is the directory onto which you want to mount the volume.
The third field is the file system format that determines which system driver will be used to talk to the volume.
The fourth field is a comma-separated list of options for the file system. Here, I have listed "read-write" for a mounting option. You can also put any of these. Don't use spaces between commas and options. I stole this from the man page.
defaults
use default options: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async.
noauto do not mount when "mount -a" is given (e.g., at boot time)
user allow a user to mount
owner allow device owner to mount
comment
or x-<name> for use by fstab-maintaining programs
nofail do not report errors for this device if it does not exist.
The second to last number is what dump level you want to prescribe to it (don't back this up unless you are performing a "dump 0" is what's there now).
The last number is what order you want this disk checked when an fsck is performed. If everyone is zero, the init process will simply check them in order that they appear in the file.
CAVEAT EMPTOR
Now that I completely over-explained this answer, let me warn you that, if the previous volume was formatted to be the "/" mounted drive, then it already has path information on it that will mess up the mount. If your home directory was on /home/mwhall and that drive was mounted as "/" AND you mount the drive as "/home" then you will find your home directory at "/home/home/mwhall" If you want it to appear at /home/mwhall, you will have to move it. I recommend at "piped tar" for moving data from one folder to another.
# cd /home/home ; tar cf - mwhall | (cd /home ; tar xvf - )
Also, be aware that it's possible that your own UID may be different on your new system than it was on the last. If that is the case, after you mount this drive, you will need to change ownership to match the new UID.
# chmod -R mwhall.mwhall /home/mwhall
will probably fix that for you.
On 6/22/19, 12:22 PM, "LUNA on behalf of Michael Hall" <luna-bounces_bob.nance=novationsys.com at lunagroup.us on behalf of hallmw at att.net> wrote:
I have my machine back up and running. Finally got fed up and took it to gigaparts to just check out the hardware. All that was ok. They put the latest of Ubuntu Mate (18.04) on the machine. I created my account that I was using. I noticed that my second drive a 1 TB HD is mounted as /media/michael/<some number that looks like a guid>. I want to mount this drive as /home and my old hallmw directory is on it with my data. Can someone help me out on how to do that and not loose my data. I am going to copy it to my USB stick before I start.
Thanks,Michael
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